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1.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 33(2): 195-203, Mar.-Apr. 2007. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-455595

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate treatment outcomes in Wilms' tumor (WT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 53 children with median age of 2 years with WT, stages I-19, II-14, III-12, IV-6 and V-2. Treatment consisted of surgical excision plus adjuvant (40 children) or neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy (unresectable tumor, n = 8, or caval tumor extension, n = 5). Chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed protocols of Brazilian Wilms' Tumor Study Group excepting 16 cases with stage I disease that received a short duration postoperative treatment with vincristine (VCR - 11 doses) and dactinomycin (AMD - 4 doses). Relapsed WT was treated with multiagent regimens including cisplatin/carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and etoposide. One patient with resistant relapsed WT was treated by high-dose conditioning chemotherapy with stem cell rescue. RESULTS: Overall and disease-free survival rates at 5 years were respectively 88.2 ± 5.0 percent and 76.7 ± 6.6 percent. Short duration therapy for stage I tumor showed a disease-free survival rate of 100 percent in a median time of 101 months (range 14 to 248 months). Overall and disease-free survival of 10 patients with recurrent WT at 5 years was 42.8 percent. The child treated with high-dose chemotherapy plus stem cell transplant is alive without evidence of disease 84 months from relapse. CONCLUSION: The postoperative chemotherapy in stage I disease can be reduced without compromising the cure rate. The treatment of unfavorable stage III and IV disease or relapsed tumor remains a challenge.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Wilms Tumor/surgery , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Disease-Free Survival , Follow-Up Studies , Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Nephrectomy , Recurrence , Wilms Tumor/drug therapy
2.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 29(3): 234-237, May-Jun. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-364669

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) presents 2 options: medical or surgical, and there are doubts about what is the best treatment since 80 percent of patients who undergo surgery become asymptomatic and 10 to 40 percent of those under medical regimen undergo surgery within a 5 years period. It is difficult to assess the actual costs of treating BPH in Brazil due to several factors, among them regional particularities and the scarcity of current statistical data. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Recently, in the Ribeirão Preto area, São Paulo, Brazil, the IPSS (International Prostatic Symptoms Score) and quality of life were verified in 934 volunteers. It was determined the percentage of individuals with ages ranging from 40 to 79 years with moderate symptoms (score 8-19) and with severe symptoms (score 20-35), values for which are indicated medical and surgical treatment, respectively, according to the Brazilian Society of Urology consensus on BPH. Data on Brazilian population in that age range were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics referent to the year of 2000. It was determined the number of patients, according to the criteria above, subjected to either one of the treatments mentioned. Surgical costs of prostate transurethral resection were researched according to Unified Health System - SUS tables (US$ 173) and of Brazilian Medical Society - AMB with a mean cost in 3 hospitals of US$ 933. Drug costs were calculated by the annual mean price (US$ 355) of 4 alpha-blockers (tamsulosin, alfuzosin, doxazosin and terazosin). RESULTS: The estimated population for medical treatment was 5,397,321 individuals, with a cost corresponding to US$ 1,916,489,055.00. The estimated population for surgical treatment was 2,040,299 men, what would represent a cost of US$ 353,291,204.00 based on the SUS table and of US$ 1,904,279,066.00 based on AMB with hospital expenses included. CONCLUSION: All theses facts induce us to predict that the treatment of BPH in a not-so-far future can become a public health problem for Brazilian society, since the current estimate would be, approximately, costs around 2.26 - 3.83 billion dollars, added by the yearly increase in the risk population (24.99 percent) for the group under medical treatment and over the non-operated amount of the surgical group.

3.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 29(2): 162-165, Mar.-Apr. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-347591

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Chagas' disease causes specific parasympathetic denervation and in its digestive clinic form promotes also functional alterations in bladder. Thus, the aim was to investigate the existence of balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in lower urinary tract, as occurs in other organs. We verified the urethral closing pressure before and following parasympathetic stimulus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: For that, the urethral closure pressure was studied before and after the injection of 5 mg of bethanechol chloride subcutaneously in 28 voluntary female patients, divided into 4 groups. The constitution of theses groups was: A) normal control = 6 patients; B) Chagas' disease with positive serology only = 5 patients; C) Chagas' disease with cardiac disease = 6 patients, and D) Chagas' disease with digestive disease and vesical hyporeflexia = 11 patients. Urethral profilometry was performed through perfusion urethral catheter with a 6.5 ml/minute flow and a traction rate of 5 mm/minute. RESULTS: Means and standard deviations for urethral closure pressure before bethanechol chloride were respectively: group A = 67.3 ± 7.1; group B = 69.2 ± 7.4; group C = 95.8 ± 5.1; group D = 82.1 ± 8.4. After bethanechol chloride they were: group A = 66.0 ± 6.6; group B = 77.0 ± 7.6; group C = 98.3 ± 8.8; group D = 45.9 ± 6.2. The Kruskal Wallis statistical test did not show statistically significance difference between groups A, B, C. However, it was statistically significant between groups C and D with p = 0.003. Wilcoxon test showed p = 0.001, only for values in group D before and following bethanechol chloride. CONCLUSIONS: Chagas' disease in its intestinal form seems to alter urethral function as well. Parasympathetic stimulation decreased urethral pressure, indicating potential modulation by the parasympathetic system over the sympathetic system

4.
Acta cir. bras ; 15(supl.2): 27-30, 2000. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282426

ABSTRACT

A marcação imunohistoquímica da proteina p53 foi estudada em tumores da adrenal conservados em formol ou em blocos de parafina, pelo método da avidina-biotina-peroxidase com recuperação antigênica. Foram estudados 24 carcinomas e 26 adenomas com o objetivo de verificar se o marcador mostrava capacidade de distinção entre eles. Em 62,5 por cento dos carcinomas a marcação foi positiva enquanto que nos adenomas foi de 15,4 por cento, diferença essa estatisticamente significante (p=0,0003). A sensibilidade, especificidade e valor preditivo positivo desse marcador para o diagnóstico do câncer foram, respectivamente: 83,3 por cento, 71,8 por cento e 62,5 por cento. Não houve relação entre o índice de marcação e outros parâmetros clínicos, como peso do tumor, estádio local, recidiva e metástases. Os autores concluem que o marcador é útil no diagnóstico diferencial de massas da adrenal, mas não tem relação com a agressividade biológica da neoplasia maligna.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Adrenocortical Adenoma/diagnosis , Adrenocortical Carcinoma/diagnosis , In Vitro Techniques , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/analysis , Adrenalectomy , Diagnosis, Differential , Immunohistochemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor
5.
Acta cir. bras ; 15(supl.2): 39-42, 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282429

ABSTRACT

Fez-se um estudo imunohistoquímico do antígeno nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA) em 26 adenomas e 24 carcinomas de adrenal através da técnica da avidina-biotina-peroxidase. O índice de marcação (IP) do PCNA, definido com o número de células marcadas/1000 contadas, foi em média de 77,4 +/- 66,1 (mediana - 63,5) para os adenomas enquanto que para os carcinomas foi 215,8 +/- 56,0 (mediana - 217,5) (p<0,0001). Estabelecendo-se o IP de 100 o marcador (para a discriminação de carcinomas dos adenomas) o marcador exibiu sensibilidade, especificidade e valor preditivo positivo seguintes, respectivamente: 100 por cento, 69 por cento e 75 por cento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adenoma , Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms , Adrenocortical Carcinoma/epidemiology , Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen , Adrenalectomy , Immunohistochemistry , Mitotic Index/methods
6.
Acta cir. bras ; 15(supl.2): 81-4, 2000. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282443

ABSTRACT

Estudou-se a marcação imunohistoquímica para o MIB-1 (Ki-67) em 24 carcinomas da córtex adrenal. A idade dos pacientes variou de 1 a 53 anos, com mediana de 7,5. Excetuando 1 paciente com doença avançada, todos foram submetidos à adrenalectomia. O tempo de seguimento variou de 1 a 13 anos. No momento do diagnóstico 7/24 pacientes já apresentavam metástases e no decorrer do seguimento 3 pacientes adicionais as desenvolveram. A média do peso tumoral dos sobreviventes livres da doença foi de 400 +/- 687 g enquanto que nos falecidos ou com neoplasia após a cirurgia foi de 508 +/- 335 g, diferença essa sem significado estatístico. Tumores maiores que 200 g mostraram pior prognóstico do que aqueles com peso menor (p = 0,01). Os valores médios do índice mitótico (IM) para tumores em estádio I, II, III e IV foram respectivamente: 17,4 +/- 10,0, 12,4 +/- 11,2, 18,3 +/- 14,0 e 28,3+/- 21,0. A comparação das médias revelou p>0,2. Os valores médios do índice de proliferação(IP) determinado pelo MIB-1 nos estádios I, II, III e IV foram respectivamente: 201,4 +/- 131,0, 179,6 98,7, 129,1 +/- 170,2 e 124,0 +/- 99,4. A comparação estatística dessas médias mostrou p>0,3. Valores do IP maiores que 20 estão associados a pior prognóstico. O IP não mostrou relação com o prognóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child, Preschool , Infant , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Adrenocortical Carcinoma/diagnosis , Adrenalectomy , Immunohistochemistry , Mitotic Index/methods , Prognosis , Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen , Retrospective Studies
7.
J. bras. urol ; 24(1): 5-9, jan.-mar. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-219866

ABSTRACT

Trinta e dois cäes submetidos a entubaçäo do ducto torácico e cateterismo bilateral dos ureteres, foram divididos em 3 grupos: A- 4 cäes inoculados com RISA 131 I ou EDTA 51 Cr por via intravenosa ou peri-prostática; B- controle de 8 cäes submetidos a irrigaçäo vesical e prostática com 8 litros de glicina a 1,2 por cento contendo os marcadores radioativos; C- 8 cäes manejados como em B mas sujeitos à RTU da próstata. Os cäes foram acompanhados por 5 horas. A absorçäo de líquido de irrigaçäo foi calculada pelos métodos volumétrico e radioisotópico. Em 5 horas, 97 por cento da RISA 131 I inoculada via intravenosa permanecia neste espaço enquanto apenas 4,6 por cento da injetada no espaço peri-prostático penetrou no compartimento vascular. Para o EDTA 51 Cr, 63,6 por cento da massa inoculada no espaço peri-prostático foi recuperada na urina após 5 horas. O método volumétrico mostrou absorçäo média de 22,7 ml no grupo B e 276 ml no C, e o radioisotópico de 6,3 ml e 165,4 ml, respectivamente. O modelo experimental tem similaridades com o ser humano


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Absorption/physiology , Edetic Acid/pharmacokinetics , Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics , Glycine/pharmacokinetics , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Chromium Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics , Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated/pharmacokinetics , Radiopharmaceuticals/blood , Radiopharmaceuticals/urine , Glycine/blood , Glycine/urine , Chromium Radioisotopes/blood , Chromium Radioisotopes/urine , Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated/blood , Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated/urine , Lymphatic System/physiology , Therapeutic Irrigation/adverse effects
8.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 29(2/3): 285-90, abr.-set. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-219038

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta apresentaçäo é o de relatar as complicaçöes cirúrgicas ocorridas no intra-operatório e, a sobrevida do coraçäo transplantado. Os autores realizaram o alotransplante cardíaco heterotópico, utilizando, como doadores, ratos Wistar e, como receptores, ratos Holtzman. A técnica utilizada foi a descrita por Ono e Lindsey, empregando-se fio de seda 7.0 para as anastomoses vasculares. Foram operados 56 animais: em 41, obteve-se sucesso na cirurgia (73 por cento); em 15, o resultado foi insatisfatório (26 por cento). Dentre as complicaçöes responsáveis pelo insucesso foram observadas: hemorragia arterial (6/15), trombose venosa (2/15), trombose coronariana (2/15) e perda do órgäo caracterizada pela ausência de batimentos cardíacos (5/15). O tempo de isquemia total foi de 57,6 minutos e o tempo médio gasto para realizaçäo das suturas vasculares foi de 44,6 minutos. O diagnóstico da rejeiçäo foi feito pela ausência de batimentos cardíacos a palpaçäo do abdome. A sobrevida média do enxerto foi de 10,4 dias. Näo foi empregada nenhuma medida imunossupressora. Os exames histopatológicos realizados nos coraçöes rejeitados mostraram alteraçöes conseqüentes à agressäo imunológica (infiltrado mononuclear, necrose de fibras do miocárdio, edema e aumento de tamanho). Apesar da ocorrência de complicaçöes intra-operatórias, este é um modelo simples que pode contribuir para o estudo da imunologia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Heart Transplantation , Graft Survival , Intraoperative Complications , Transplantation, Homologous
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